云帆考试系统

基础环境安装

本教程不适合8.5及以下版本，请移步至>>>>

本教程基于Ubuntu24服务器安装，由于软件都是在线下载安装，请务必保证服务器外网通畅，对于安全要求苛刻的服务器环境，可以通过临时开通外网进行环境安装，安装完 环境后关闭外网即可。 不同服务器安装细节可能不一样，但是过程基本上都是一致的，如（centos使用yum命令，只需要将apt替换成yum即可），本教程可以作为参考；

对于完全没有外网连接的服务器，所有软件都需要安装离线包，非常复杂，需要由有经验的运维人员进行操作，本教程不适应此场景

安装Java环境

项目基于Java SpringBoot3.0开发，最低要求JDK版本为17（JDK21亦可），请严格按要求安装，低版本或高版本都可能存在一些未知问题；

更新apt

apt update
apt upgrade

安装jdk17

apt install openjdk-17-jdk

如果你想要安装其他版本的 JDK，可以使用如下命令查询可用的包

# 搜索可用的jdk
apt search openjdk

搜索结果类似以下，使用/前面一截进行安装，如：openjdk-17-jdk


openjdk-11-doc/noble-updates,noble-security 11.0.28+6-1ubuntu1~24.04.1 all
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation

openjdk-11-jdk/noble-updates,noble-security 11.0.28+6-1ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)

openjdk-11-jdk-headless/noble-updates,noble-security 11.0.28+6-1ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) (headless)

openjdk-11-jre/noble-updates,noble-security 11.0.28+6-1ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT

openjdk-11-jre-headless/noble-updates,noble-security 11.0.28+6-1ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)

openjdk-11-jre-zero/noble-updates,noble-security 11.0.28+6-1ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using Zero

openjdk-11-source/noble-updates,noble-security 11.0.28+6-1ubuntu1~24.04.1 all
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files

openjdk-17-dbg/noble-updates,noble-security 17.0.16+8~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)

openjdk-17-demo/noble-updates,noble-security 17.0.16+8~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)

openjdk-17-doc/noble-updates,noble-security 17.0.16+8~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 all
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation

openjdk-17-jdk/noble-updates,noble-security 17.0.16+8~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)

openjdk-17-jdk-headless/noble-updates,noble-security 17.0.16+8~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) (headless)

openjdk-17-jre/noble-updates,noble-security 17.0.16+8~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT

openjdk-17-jre-headless/noble-updates,noble-security 17.0.16+8~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)

openjdk-17-jre-zero/noble-updates,noble-security 17.0.16+8~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  Alternative JVM for OpenJDK, using Zero

openjdk-17-source/noble-updates,noble-security 17.0.16+8~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 all
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source files

openjdk-21-dbg/noble-updates,noble-security 21.0.8+9~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)

openjdk-21-demo/noble-updates,noble-security 21.0.8+9~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)

openjdk-21-doc/noble-updates,noble-security 21.0.8+9~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 all
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentation

openjdk-21-jdk/noble-updates,noble-security 21.0.8+9~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)

openjdk-21-jdk-headless/noble-updates,noble-security 21.0.8+9~us1-0ubuntu1~24.04.1 amd64
  OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) (headless)

检查是否安装成功

java -version

root@iZf8zc3rw7hoize8pxv2zkZ:~# java -version
openjdk version "17.0.16" 2025-07-15
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 17.0.16+8-Ubuntu-0ubuntu124.04.1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.16+8-Ubuntu-0ubuntu124.04.1, mixed mode, sharing)

安装Redis

项目使用Redis做用户会话存储、数据缓存等、必须安装，由于应用场景比较简单，对于版本无特殊要求，可以装上的版本理论上都能满足要求，但是为稳定性，建议版本在4.x - 7.x之间

搜索可用的Redis版本

apt search redis-server

搜索结果如下

apt search redis-server
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
golang-github-stvp-tempredis-dev/noble 0.0~git20231107.8a695b6-1 all
  Go package to start and stop temporary redis-server processes

libtest-redisserver-perl/noble 0.23-1 all
  redis-server runner for tests

python3-hiredis/noble 2.3.2-2build1 amd64
  redis protocol reader for Python using hiredis

redis/noble-updates,noble-security 5:7.0.15-1ubuntu0.24.04.1 all
  Persistent key-value database with network interface (metapackage)

redis-server/noble-updates,noble-security 5:7.0.15-1ubuntu0.24.04.1 amd64
  Persistent key-value database with network interface

安装并启动Redis

apt-get install redis-server

一些常用命令

# 启动redis
systemctl start redis
# 检查Redis服务状态
systemctl status redis-server
# 设置为开机启动
systemctl enable redis-server

检查是否能正常连接redis

# 连接redis，如果telnet命令不存在，使用 yum install telnet 安装之
telnet 127.0.0.1 6379
# 运行任意一个命令，正常响应则表示安装正确，如：
select 0

root@iZf8zc3rw7hoize8pxv2zkZ:~# telnet 127.0.0.1 6379
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
flushall
+OK

使用control+]然后输入q来退出telnet，如上图

安装MySql

建议安装MySQL8.0版本，MySQL版本最低支持5.7

安装MySQL

搜索可用的MySQL版本

apt search mysql-server

如下，如果搜索结果有需要的版本，则使用命令安装即可

Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
default-mysql-server/noble 1.1.0build1 all
  MySQL database server binaries and system database setup (metapackage)

default-mysql-server-core/noble 1.1.0build1 all
  MySQL database server binaries (metapackage)

mysql-server/noble-updates 8.0.43-0ubuntu0.24.04.2 all
  MySQL database server (metapackage depending on the latest version)

mysql-server-8.0/noble-updates 8.0.43-0ubuntu0.24.04.2 amd64
  MySQL database server binaries and system database setup

mysql-server-core-8.0/noble-updates 8.0.43-0ubuntu0.24.04.2 amd64
  MySQL database server binaries

root@iZf8zc3rw7hoize8pxv2zkZ:~# apt search mysql-server
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
default-mysql-server/noble 1.1.0build1 all
  MySQL database server binaries and system database setup (metapackage)

default-mysql-server-core/noble 1.1.0build1 all
  MySQL database server binaries (metapackage)

mysql-server/noble-updates 8.0.43-0ubuntu0.24.04.2 all
  MySQL database server (metapackage depending on the latest version)

mysql-server-8.0/noble-updates 8.0.43-0ubuntu0.24.04.2 amd64
  MySQL database server binaries and system database setup

mysql-server-core-8.0/noble-updates 8.0.43-0ubuntu0.24.04.2 amd64
  MySQL database server binaries

使用命令安装MySQL

# 结果中mysql-server和mysql-server-8.0都指向mysql8.0.43版本，我们使用`mysql-server-8.0`进行安装
apt install mysql-server-8.0

如果搜索结果找不到想要的版本，那么我们需要将对应的仓库添加进来
官方MySQL仓库：

# 下载官方apt仓库
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.16-1_all.deb
# 安装deb包
dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.16-1_all.deb
# 更新apt
apt-get update

在安装过程中，你会被要求选择MySQL服务器版本和产品。选择MySQL Server & Cluster，然后选择MySQL 8.0，下移光标选择OK

安装好仓库后以后，再重复之前的步骤进行安装即可！

获得MySQL默认密码

与其他系统不同，默认密码在日志/var/log/mysqld.log中可以找到，Ubuntu的默认密码在以下文件：cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf

# 查看默认密码
sudo cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf
# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!
[client]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = CDbkOoP6KH5VGvZ4
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql_upgrade]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = CDbkOoP6KH5VGvZ4
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

修改MySQL密码

# 使用默认密码登录系统（上一步获取的：CDbkOoP6KH5VGvZ4）
mysql -uroot -p 

# 修改默认密码（修改为：abcDDAZAs@qqjkz1762aa）
use mysql;
update user set authentication_string='' where user='root';
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'abcDDAZAs@qqjkz1762aa';

# 如果需要开启远程访问（可选）
update user set host='%' where user='root';

# 重启mysql服务
systemctl restart mysql.service

常用命令

# 设为开机启动
systemctl enable mysql.service
# 启动
systemctl start mysql.service
# 重启
systemctl restart mysql.service
# 停止
systemctl stop mysql.service
# 查看状态
systemctl status mysql.service

安装Nginx

用来做前端反向代理，域名绑定、前后端分离式部署，建议使用 1.14 版本以上

# 安装nginx
apt install nginx

# 设为开机启动
systemctl enable nginx

# 启动nginx
systemctl start nginx
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